Digital payments; Store of value
Blockchain (linear chain of blocks)
Limited (basic scripting language)
Miners validate transactions by solving cryptographic puzzles.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 million BTC; block rewards halve every 4 years (halving).
Digital payments; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (supports complex ,Data Structures)
Advanced (Turing-complete programming language, Solidity)
Validators (PoS) or miners (PoW) validate transactions.
Transitioned from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS) with Ethereum 2.0.
Decentralized; with Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs)
No fixed supply; issuance depends on network activity and staking.
Digital payments; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (layered architecture for scalability)
Supported (Plutus scripting language)
Stakeholders validate transactions.
Ouroboros Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with on-chain voting (Voltaire phase)
Fixed supply of 45 billion ADA; staking rewards.
Digital payments; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (high-throughput, parallel processing)
Supported (Rust, C, C++)
Validators use PoH for timestamping and PoS for consensus.
Proof of History (PoH) combined with Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with community involvement
Inflationary model with decreasing issuance over time.
Digital payments; Cross-border payments
Blockchain-like (distributed ledger)
Limited (focused on payments)
Unique node list (UNL) validators agree on transactions.
Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm (RPCA)
Semi-centralized (Ripple Labs has significant influence)
Fixed supply of 100 billion XRP; escrow system for releases.
Digital currency; Initially a meme
Blockchain (forked from Litecoin)
Limited (basic scripting)
Miners validate transactions.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
No fixed supply; inflationary (10,000 DOGE per block).
Digital currency; Interoperability between blockchains
Relay chain and parachains (multi-chain architecture)
Supported (via parachains and Substrate framework)
Validators and nominators secure the network.
Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS)
On-chain governance with voting and referenda
Inflationary model; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Similar to Bitcoin but faster transactions
Blockchain (forked from Bitcoin)
Limited (similar to Bitcoin)
Miners validate transactions.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 84 million LTC; block rewards halve over time.
Decentralized oracle network; Connects smart contracts to real-world data
Blockchain-agnostic (works with multiple chains)
Focused on providing external data to smart contracts
Node operators validate data feeds.
Off-chain consensus for oracles
Decentralized; with staking for node operators
Fixed supply of 1 billion LINK; used for payments and staking.
Decentralized exchange protocol
Ethereum blockchain
Advanced (automated market-making protocols)
Ethereum validators
Runs on Ethereum (PoS after Ethereum 2.0)
Decentralized; with UNI token holders voting
Fixed supply of 1 billion UNI; used for governance.
Digital currency; Smart contract platform
Multi-chain architecture (X, P, and C chains)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators reach consensus through repeated sub-sampling.
Avalanche Consensus (a variant of Proof of Stake)
Decentralized; with on-chain voting
Fixed supply of 720 million AVAX; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Cross-border payments
Distributed ledger
Limited (focused on payments and token issuance)
Federated Byzantine Agreement (FBA)
Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP)
Semi-centralized (Stellar Development Foundation)
Fixed supply of 50 billion XLM; inflation removed in 2019.
Digital currency; Fork of Bitcoin
Blockchain (forked from Bitcoin)
Limited (improved scripting over Bitcoin)
Miners validate transactions.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 million BCH; block rewards halve over time.
Scaling solution for Ethereum
Sidechains and Plasma chains (Ethereum-compatible)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with MATIC token holders voting
Fixed supply of 10 billion MATIC; staking rewards.
Decentralized storage network
Blockchain (focused on decentralized storage)
Limited (focused on storage deals)
Miners prove storage of data.
Proof of Replication (PoRep) and Proof of Spacetime (PoSt)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 2 billion FIL; rewards for storage miners.
Digital currency; Content sharing platform
Blockchain (high-throughput)
Supported (Turing-complete, Solidity-compatible)
Super Representatives validate transactions.
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Semi-centralized (TRON Foundation)
Fixed supply of 100 billion TRX; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Original Ethereum blockchain
Blockchain (original Ethereum chain)
Supported (Turing-complete)
Miners validate transactions.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
No fixed supply; inflationary model.
Supply chain management platform
Blockchain (focused on supply chain and IoT)
Supported (VET supports smart contracts)
Authority nodes validate transactions.
Proof of Authority (PoA)
Semi-centralized (VeChain Foundation)
Fixed supply of 86 billion VET; used for transactions and governance
Digital currency; Privacy-focused
Blockchain (privacy-focused)
Limited (focused on privacy)
Miners validate transactions.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
No fixed supply; tail emission after 18.4 million XMR.
Digital currency; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (high-throughput)
Supported (WebAssembly-based)
Block Producers validate transactions.
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Semi-centralized (Block Producers have significant power)
No fixed supply; inflationary model.
Stablecoin; Pegged to the US dollar
Blockchain (issued on multiple chains)
Limited (focused on stablecoin issuance)
Validators of the underlying blockchain.
Depends on the underlying blockchain (e.g., Ethereum, Tron)
Centralized (Tether Limited)
Backed 1:1 by fiat reserves; supply adjusts based on demand.
Digital currency; Internet of Things (IoT)
Tangle (no blocks or miners)
Limited (focused on IoT and feeless transactions)
Users validate two previous transactions.
Tangle (Directed Acyclic Graph - DAG)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 2.78 billion MIOTA.
Decentralized lending platform
Ethereum blockchain
Advanced (decentralized lending/borrowing protocols)
Ethereum validators
Runs on Ethereum (PoS after Ethereum 2.0)
Decentralized; with AAVE token holders voting
Fixed supply of 16 million AAVE; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Interoperability between blockchains
Interconnected blockchains (Cosmos Hub)
Supported (via CosmWasm)
Validators secure the network.
Tendermint Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ATOM token holders voting
Inflationary model; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (supports digital assets and smart contracts)
Supported (NeoVM, multiple programming languages)
Consensus nodes validate transactions.
Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance (dBFT)
Semi-centralized (Neo Council)
Fixed supply of 100 million NEO; generates GAS tokens.
Governance token; MakerDAO protocol
Ethereum blockchain
Advanced (decentralized stablecoin protocol)
Ethereum validators
Runs on Ethereum (PoS after Ethereum 2.0)
Decentralized; with MKR token holders voting
No fixed supply; used for governance and stability fees.
Digital currency; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (self-amending)
Supported (Michelson scripting language)
Bakers (validators) secure the network.
Liquid Proof of Stake (LPoS)
On-chain governance with voting
Inflationary model; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Smart contract platform
Blockchain (high-throughput)
Supported (Algorand Smart Contracts - ASC1)
Validators are randomly selected.
Pure Proof of Stake (PPoS)
Decentralized; with ALGO token holders voting
Fixed supply of 10 billion ALGO; staking rewards.
Digital currency; Hybrid PoW/PoS
Blockchain (focus on governance)
Limited (focused on governance and payments)
Miners and stakeholders validate transactions.
Hybrid Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with on-chain voting
Fixed supply of 21 million DCR; block rewards.
Stablecoin; Pegged to the US dollar
Blockchain (issued on multiple chains)
Limited (focused on stablecoin issuance)
Validators of the underlying blockchain.
Depends on the underlying blockchain (e.g., Ethereum, Solana)
Centralized (Circle and Coinbase)
Backed 1:1 by fiat reserves; supply adjusts based on demand.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Dual chain architecture: BC and BSC)
Supported (EVM-compatible on BSC)
21 elected validators validate transactions.
Proof of Staked Authority (PoSA)
Decentralized via staking and voting
Fixed supply of 200 million BNB; quarterly burns reduce supply until 100 million remain.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Masterchain, Workchains, Shardchains)
Advanced (Turing-complete, FunC)
Validators stake TON to validate blocks.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized DAO
Initial supply of 5 billion TON; inflationary model with 0.6% annual issuance for validators.
Meme token
Ethereum blockchain
Supported
Ethereum validators
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Community-driven (Doggy DAO)
Initial supply of 1 quadrillion SHIB; burn mechanisms reduce circulating supply over time.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain
Supported (utilizes Ethereum smart contracts)
Ethereum Validators
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with token holder voting through DAO
Merged supply from FET, AGIX, and OCEAN tokens; used for AI services and staking.
Utility and Payment Token
Solana Ledger
Supported (utilizes Solana smart contracts)
Validators stake SOL and process transactions via PoH timestamps.
Proof of Stake (PoS) and Proof of History (PoH)
Decentralized; with community governance proposals
Fixed supply of 536m
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (operates as indexing protocol)
Supported (indexing smart contract data)
Indexers stake GRT to index and serve data; curators signal quality.
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Decentralized; with GRT token holder voting
Initial supply of 10 billion GRT; inflationary with indexing rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) hashgraph structure
Supported (Solidity-compatible smart contracts)
Gossip protocol with virtual voting among nodes.
Hashgraph (aBFT)
Semi-centralized (governed by Hedera Governing Council)
Fixed supply of 50 billion HBAR; released over time from treasury.
Utility Token
Blockchain (anchored to Bitcoin for security)
Supported (Clarity smart contract language)
Miners spend BTC to mine STX blocks; stackers lock STX.
Proof of Transfer (PoX)
Decentralized; with Stacks Improvement Proposals (SIPs)
Fixed supply of approximately 1.8 billion STX; decreasing issuance over time.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20, migrating to GalaChain)
Supported (gaming-focused smart contracts)
Validators (Founder Nodes) validate transactions.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with community governance for gaming decisions
Maximum supply of 50 billion GALA; used for gaming ecosystem.
Utility and Governance Token
Rollup architecture (supports multiple rollup types)
Supported (EVM-compatible rollups)
Operators validate rollup transactions; restaking for security.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ALT token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion ALT; used for staking and governance.
Governance token
ZK Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (EVM-compatible with zkEVM)
Sequencers batch transactions; ZK proofs verify validity.
ZK Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; transitioning to community governance
Fixed supply of 21 billion ZK; used for governance and fees.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (intelligence exchange smart contracts)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Arkham Foundation governance)
Fixed supply of 1 billion ARKM; used for intel bounties and platform access.
Utility and Governance Token
BNB Chain (BEP-20 token)
Supported (utilizes BNB Chain smart contracts)
BNB Chain validators validate transactions.
BEP-20 (BNB Chain PoSA)
Semi-centralized (Trust Wallet team with community input)
Fixed supply of 1 billion TWT; used for discounts and governance.
Utility and Governance Token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Supported (AMM and liquidity protocols)
Solana validators process transactions.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with RAY token holder voting
Fixed supply of 555 million RAY; used for staking and liquidity mining.
Utility and Governance Token
Optimistic Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Sequencer batches transactions; fraud proofs for disputes.
Optimistic Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; with MNT token holder governance
Fixed supply of 6.2 billion MNT; used for gas and governance.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (subnet architecture for AI networks)
Limited (focused on AI inference and training)
Validators evaluate AI model outputs; miners provide compute.
Yuma Consensus / Proof of Intelligence
Decentralized; with subnet-specific governance
Fixed supply of 21 million TAO; halving schedule similar to Bitcoin.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (issued on Ethereum and Solana)
Limited (focused on stablecoin transfers)
Validators of underlying chains (Ethereum, Solana).
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (PayPal and Paxos)
Backed 1:1 by USD reserves; supply adjusts based on demand.
Utility and network token
Multi-chain architecture (Polygon 2.0 ecosystem)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators stake POL to validate transactions.
Proof of Stake
Decentralized; with POL token holder voting
Upgraded from MATIC; 1% annual emission for staking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Optimistic Rollup on Ethereum (World Chain)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Optimism sequencer processes transactions.
Optimism L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; transitioning to community governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion WLD; distributed to verified humans.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (canister-based architecture)
Advanced (WebAssembly canisters, multiple languages)
Nodes use chain key cryptography for consensus.
Threshold Relay + Chain Key
Decentralized; with Network Nervous System (NNS)
No fixed supply; inflationary with staking and burning mechanisms.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (tokenized asset protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ONDO token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion ONDO; used for governance and staking.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (focused on gold-backed transfers)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Paxos Trust Company)
Each PAXG backed by one fine troy ounce of gold; supply adjusts with demand.
Utility Token
BlockDAG (parallel block structure for high throughput)
Limited (basic scripting, smart contracts in development)
Miners solve PoW puzzles using kHeavyHash algorithm.
Proof of Work (GHOSTDAG/BlockDAG)
Decentralized; community-driven
Deflationary chromatic emission; smooth halving over time.
Utility and Network Token
Solana blockchain (migrated from Ethereum)
Supported (GPU rendering job smart contracts)
Solana validators process transactions.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with RENDER token holder proposals
Fixed supply of 536 million RENDER; used for GPU rendering payments.
Utility and Governance Token
GateChain blockchain (proprietary)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
GateChain validators using PoS consensus.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Gate.io exchange governance)
Initial supply of 300 million GT; buyback and burn mechanism.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (ERC-20 and BEP-20)
Limited (focused on stablecoin transfers)
Validators of underlying chains (Ethereum, BNB Chain).
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Centralized (First Digital Trust Limited)
Backed 1:1 by USD reserves; supply adjusts based on demand.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token with basic functionality)
Solana validators process transactions.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (issuer-controlled)
Fixed supply of 1 billion TRUMP; vesting schedule for team allocation.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (ERC-20 and EOS)
Limited (utility token for exchange)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Bitfinex/iFinex)
Initial supply of ~1 billion LEO; monthly burns from exchange revenue.
Wrapped token
Multi-chain (wrapped Bitcoin representation)
Limited (wrapped asset transfers)
Validators of underlying chains validate wrapped tokens.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (OKX exchange custody)
Backed 1:1 by BTC; supply adjusts with wrapping/unwrapping.
Governance token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (liquid staking protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with LDO token holder voting through DAO
Fixed supply of 1 billion LDO; used for governance of staking protocol.
Liquid staking token
Ethereum blockchain (rebasing ERC-20 token)
Supported (liquid staking derivative)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Lido DAO
Supply tracks staked ETH; daily rebasing reflects staking rewards.
Liquid staking token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (decentralized staking protocol)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Rocket Pool DAO
Value accrues from staking rewards; exchange rate increases over time.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (Ethereum-native, bridged to others)
Advanced (algorithmic stablecoin protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with FXS token holder governance
Fractional-algorithmic stablecoin; supply adjusts with demand.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (governance and collateral token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with FXS token holder voting
Fixed supply of ~100 million FXS; used for governance and collateralization.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (delta-neutral synthetic dollar)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Ethena DAO
Backed by staked ETH and perpetual futures hedging; supply adjusts with demand.
Governance token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (synthetic dollar governance)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ENA token holder governance
Fixed supply of 15 billion ENA; used for governance and staking.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Move-based parallel processing)
Advanced (Move programming language)
Validators use AptosBFT consensus for parallel execution.
AptosBFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with on-chain governance proposals
Initial supply of 1 billion APT; inflationary with staking rewards.
Governance token
Optimistic Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (full EVM compatibility)
Sequencer batches transactions; fraud proofs for disputes.
Optimistic Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; with ARB token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion ARB; used for governance.
Utility and Governance Token
Optimistic Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (full EVM compatibility)
Sequencer batches transactions; fraud proofs for disputes.
Optimistic Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; bicameral governance (Token House and Citizens House)
Fixed supply of ~4.3 billion OP; inflationary for ecosystem funding.
Utility and Network Token
Modular blockchain (data availability layer)
Limited (focused on data availability, not execution)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with TIA token holder governance
Initial supply of 1 billion TIA; inflationary with staking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (interoperable)
Supported (CosmWasm smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with INJ token holder governance
Deflationary; weekly burn auctions reduce supply over time.
Utility and Governance Token
ZK Rollup (Immutable X on Ethereum)
Supported (gaming and NFT focused)
StarkEx validators process transactions; ZK proofs.
ZK Rollup (Ethereum security)
Semi-centralized (Immutable Foundation with community input)
Fixed supply of 2 billion IMX; used for staking and fees.
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (cross-chain liquidity)
Limited (focused on cross-chain swaps)
Validators bond RUNE and use Tendermint BFT.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; node-based governance
Maximum supply of 500 million RUNE; emission curve for liquidity.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (interoperability protocol token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
No native consensus (interoperability layer)
Semi-centralized (Quant Network governance)
Fixed supply of ~14.6 million QNT; used for gateway licensing.
Governance token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (decentralized lending protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with COMP token holder voting
Fixed supply of 10 million COMP; distributed to protocol users.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum-native, deployed across L2s)
Advanced (stablecoin DEX protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with veCRV token holder voting
Initial supply of ~3 billion CRV; decreasing emissions over time.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Optimism)
Advanced (synthetic asset protocols)
Ethereum and Optimism validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SNX token holder governance
Inflationary model; stakers receive rewards for collateralizing synths.
Governance token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (dYdX Chain)
Advanced (perpetual trading protocols)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus (dYdX Chain).
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with DYDX token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion DYDX; used for staking and governance.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Arbitrum and Avalanche)
Advanced (perpetual DEX protocols)
Arbitrum and Avalanche validators.
Arbitrum L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; with GMX token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~13.25 million GMX; fee sharing with stakers.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (BNB Chain primary, deployed across chains)
Advanced (DEX and DeFi protocols)
BNB Chain validators validate transactions.
BEP-20 (BNB Chain PoSA)
Decentralized; with CAKE token holder voting
Deflationary; burn mechanism reduces supply over time.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (aggregator across multiple chains)
Advanced (DEX aggregation protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with 1INCH token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1.5 billion 1INCH; used for governance and staking.
Liquid staking token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Supported (liquid staking derivative)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Lido DAO
Supply tracks staked SOL; value accrues from staking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Advanced (DEX aggregation and perpetuals)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with JUP token holder voting
Fixed supply of 10 billion JUP; large airdrop distribution.
Utility and Network Token
Solana blockchain (migrated from own chain)
Limited (focused on IoT network coordination)
Validators stake HNT and use consensus.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with HIP governance proposals
Maximum supply of 223 million HNT; halving every 2 years.
Utility and Governance Token
Blockchain (dual token system)
Supported (Turing-complete smart contracts)
Enterprise Validator Nodes and Guardian Nodes.
BFT + Proof of Stake
Semi-centralized (Enterprise Validators include major companies)
Fixed supply of 1 billion THETA; TFUEL used for transactions.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (sharded for scalability)
Advanced (Rust and AssemblyScript)
Validators use Nightshade sharding and PoS.
Nightshade (PoS sharding)
Decentralized; with NEAR token holder governance
Initial supply of 1 billion NEAR; 5% annual inflation.
Utility and Network Token
Relay chain and parachains (multi-chain architecture)
Supported (via parachains and Substrate)
Validators and nominators secure the network.
Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS)
Decentralized; with on-chain governance and referenda
Inflationary model; staking rewards for validators and nominators.
Utility and Network Token
DAG-based blockchain (high throughput)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use Lachesis aBFT consensus.
Lachesis (aBFT PoS)
Decentralized; with FTM token holder governance
Maximum supply of 3.175 billion FTM; staking rewards.
Utility and Network Token
DAG-based blockchain (Fantom successor)
Supported (EVM-compatible with improvements)
Validators use advanced aBFT consensus.
Lachesis (aBFT PoS)
Decentralized; with S token holder governance
Upgraded from FTM; enhanced tokenomics for ecosystem growth.
Utility and Network Token
Polkadot parachain (multi-VM architecture)
Advanced (EVM and WASM support)
Collators produce blocks; Polkadot validators finalize.
Nominated Proof of Stake (Polkadot parachain)
Decentralized; with ASTR token holder governance
Initial supply of 7 billion ASTR; inflationary with dApp staking.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (large block size for scaling)
Limited (Bitcoin Script with opcodes restored)
Miners solve PoW puzzles using SHA-256.
Proof of Work (SHA-256)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 million BSV; block rewards halve over time.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (forked from Bitcoin)
Limited (basic scripting similar to Bitcoin)
Miners solve PoW puzzles using Equihash.
Proof of Work (Equihash)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 million BTG; block rewards halve over time.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (two-tier network architecture)
Limited (focused on payments)
Miners and Masternodes validate transactions.
Proof of Work + Masternodes
Decentralized; with Masternode voting on proposals
Maximum supply of ~18.9 million DASH; decreasing block rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (sharded architecture)
Supported (Scilla smart contract language)
Validators use practical BFT with sharding.
pBFT + Proof of Work
Decentralized; with gZIL token holder governance
Maximum supply of 21 billion ZIL; staking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (dual-chain architecture)
Advanced (EVM and Cosmos SDK support)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with KAVA token holder governance
Inflationary model; staking and DeFi rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (IBC-enabled)
Supported (CosmWasm smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with OSMO token holder voting
Inflationary with thirdening (reduces by 1/3 annually).
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (trading-optimized)
Supported (CosmWasm and EVM)
Validators use Twin-Turbo consensus.
Twin-Turbo Consensus (PoS)
Decentralized; with SEI token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion SEI; staking and ecosystem rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Blockweave (permanent storage structure)
Supported (SmartWeave for lazy evaluation)
Miners use Proof of Access to validate.
Succinct Proofs of Random Access (SPoRA)
Decentralized; community-driven
Maximum supply of 66 million AR; one-time storage payment.
Utility and Governance Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (IBC-enabled)
Limited (focused on compute marketplace)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with AKT token holder governance
Maximum supply of ~388 million AKT; inflationary staking rewards.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (storage coordination)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Storj Labs governance)
Fixed supply of 424 million STORJ; used for storage payments.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (decentralized storage network)
Limited (file contracts for storage)
Miners solve PoW puzzles using Blake2b.
Proof of Work
Decentralized; community-driven
No maximum supply; decreasing block rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
GalaChain (proprietary gaming blockchain)
Supported (gaming-focused smart contracts)
Founder Nodes validate transactions.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with community governance
Maximum supply of 50 billion GALA; gaming ecosystem utility.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum ERC-20, ApeChain)
Supported (via underlying chains)
Ethereum and ApeChain validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ApeCoin DAO governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion APE; used for governance and ecosystem.
Utility and Governance Token
Ronin sidechain (Ethereum-connected)
Supported (gaming smart contracts)
Ronin validators validate transactions.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Sky Mavis with community input)
Fixed supply of 270 million AXS; staking and governance.
Utility and Network Token
Ethereum sidechain (EVM-compatible)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use PoA transitioning to DPoS.
Proof of Authority (PoA) + DPoS
Semi-centralized (Sky Mavis with validator expansion)
Fixed supply; used for staking and gas on Ronin.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Polygon)
Supported (metaverse smart contracts)
Ethereum and Polygon validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SAND token holder governance
Fixed supply of 3 billion SAND; used for land and NFT transactions.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 and ERC-721)
Supported (metaverse and NFT protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with MANA token holder DAO
Deflationary; MANA burned for LAND purchases.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Enjin Blockchain)
Supported (NFT and gaming protocols)
Ethereum and Enjin Blockchain validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Enjin team with community input)
Fixed supply of 1 billion ENJ; backed NFT minting.
Utility and Network Token
Chiliz Chain (EVM-compatible)
Supported (fan token and sports NFT protocols)
Validators use PoSA consensus on Chiliz Chain.
Proof of Staked Authority (PoSA)
Semi-centralized (Chiliz governance)
Fixed supply of 8.8 billion CHZ; used for fan tokens.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (pipelined multi-role architecture)
Advanced (Cadence smart contract language)
Multi-role architecture (Collection, Consensus, Execution, Verification).
Proof of Stake (multi-role HotStuff)
Semi-centralized (Flow Foundation with decentralization roadmap)
Inflationary model; staking rewards for node operators.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of ~93 trillion BONK; large airdrop distribution.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of ~998 million WIF; community distribution.
Meme token
Multi-chain (ERC-20 and BEP-20)
Supported (gaming and metaverse integration)
Ethereum and BNB Chain validators.
ERC-20/BEP-20 (multi-chain)
Decentralized; with Floki DAO governance
Fixed supply of ~9.7 trillion FLOKI; buy and burn mechanism.
Meme token
Base blockchain (Ethereum L2)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Base L2 validators (inherits Ethereum security).
Base L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of ~10 billion BRETT; community distribution.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply; meme and social token utility.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of ~980 million POPCAT; community distribution.
Utility and Network Token
TON blockchain (Jetton standard)
Supported (TON smart contracts)
TON validators secure the network.
TON (PoS BFT)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of ~102 billion NOT; gaming distribution.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Masterchain, Workchains, Shardchains)
Advanced (Turing-complete, FunC language)
Validators stake TON to validate blocks.
Byzantine Fault Tolerant PoS
Decentralized; DAO governance
Initial supply of 5 billion TON; inflationary staking rewards.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (MakerDAO collateralized debt positions)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with MKR token holder governance
Soft-pegged to USD; supply adjusts via collateralization.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (Ethereum, BNB Chain, TRON)
Limited (stablecoin transfers)
Validators of underlying chains.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (TrustToken/Archblock)
Backed 1:1 by USD reserves; supply adjusts with demand.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (TRON primary)
Limited (stablecoin functionality)
TRON validators secure the network.
TRON (DPoS)
Semi-centralized (TRON DAO Reserve)
Over-collateralized algorithmic stablecoin; pegged to USD.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (stablecoin transfers)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Paxos Trust Company)
Backed 1:1 by USD reserves; regulated stablecoin.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (stablecoin transfers)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Gemini Trust Company)
Backed 1:1 by USD reserves; regulated stablecoin.
Stablecoin
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Optimism)
Supported (Synthetix protocol synthetic)
Ethereum and Optimism validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Synthetix DAO
Collateralized by SNX; supply adjusts with minting/burning.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (Compound protocol receipt token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Decentralized; governed by Compound DAO
Represents USDC deposited in Compound; accrues interest.
Stablecoin
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (stablecoin transfers)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
BEP-20 (BNB Chain PoSA)
Centralized (Paxos, discontinued)
Was backed 1:1 by USD; being phased out.
Governance token
Cross-chain messaging protocol
Advanced (cross-chain bridging protocols)
Guardian network validates cross-chain messages.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with W token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion W; used for governance and staking.
Utility and Governance Token
Omnichain messaging protocol
Advanced (cross-chain communication protocols)
Ultra Light Nodes and oracles validate messages.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ZRO token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion ZRO; used for protocol fees.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and other chains)
Supported (liquidity and trading protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (WOO Network governance)
Fixed supply of ~2.9 billion WOO; staking and fee discounts.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (service-centric design)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Consensus Nodes use Istanbul BFT.
Istanbul BFT (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Klaytn Governance Council)
Inflationary model; block rewards and ecosystem funds.
Utility and Network Token
Tree-Graph blockchain (DAG-based)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Miners use Tree-Graph PoW consensus.
Tree-Graph (PoW + PoS hybrid)
Decentralized; with CFX token holder governance
Fixed genesis supply; annual issuance decreases over time.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (adaptive state sharding)
Advanced (WASM-based smart contracts)
Validators use Secure Proof of Stake (SPoS).
Secure Proof of Stake (SPoS)
Decentralized; with EGLD token holder governance
Maximum supply of ~31.4 million EGLD; staking rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (media-focused)
Supported (CosmWasm and EVM)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with AIOZ token holder governance
Maximum supply of 1 billion AIOZ; node rewards.
Utility Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (AI-focused)
Supported (CosmWasm smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with FET token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~1.15 billion FET; used for AI agent services.
Utility Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum ERC-20, Cardano)
Supported (AI marketplace protocols)
Ethereum and Cardano validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with AGIX token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~2 billion AGIX; used for AI services.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (data marketplace protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with OCEAN token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1.41 billion OCEAN; data tokenization.
Utility and Network Token
Cardano blockchain (native token)
Supported (utilizes Cardano smart contracts)
Cardano validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with WMT token holder governance
Fixed supply of 2 billion WMT; telecom network rewards.
Utility Token
TRON blockchain (TRC-10 token)
Limited (file sharing incentives)
TRON validators secure the network.
TRON (DPoS)
Semi-centralized (BitTorrent Inc/TRON)
Fixed supply of ~990 billion BTT; used for bandwidth payments.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (IoT data marketplace)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Jasmy Inc governance)
Maximum supply of 50 billion JASMY; IoT data rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum, Arbitrum, BNB Chain)
Advanced (yield tokenization protocols)
Ethereum and Arbitrum validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with vePENDLE governance
Fixed max supply; decreasing emissions over time.
Governance token
Ethereum restaking protocol
Advanced (restaking and AVS protocols)
Ethereum validators with restaked security.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with EIGEN token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~1.67 billion EIGEN; restaking rewards.
Governance token
Ethereum blockchain (liquid restaking protocol)
Advanced (non-custodial staking protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ETHFI token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion ETHFI; governance and rewards.
Governance token
Ethereum blockchain (liquid restaking protocol)
Supported (restaking strategy protocols)
Ethereum validators with restaked security.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with REZ token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion REZ; restaking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain oracle network
Advanced (price feed oracle protocols)
Solana validators with Pythnet appchain.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with PYTH token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion PYTH; data publisher staking.
Governance token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Supported (liquid staking protocols)
Solana validators with MEV integration.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with JTO token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion JTO; staking and governance.
Governance token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Supported (liquid staking protocols)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; with MNDE token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion MNDE; governance and rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (voucher NFT protocol)
Advanced (financial NFT protocols)
Multi-chain validators (Ethereum, BNB, etc.).
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SOLV token holder governance
Used for governance and protocol incentives.
Utility Token
Base blockchain (Ethereum L2)
Advanced (ve(3,3) DEX protocols)
Base L2 validators (inherits Ethereum security).
Base L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; with veAERO governance
Emissions-based; weekly emissions with decay.
Optimistic Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (full EVM compatibility)
Sequencer batches transactions; fraud proofs.
Optimistic Rollup (Ethereum security)
Semi-centralized (Coinbase operated, decentralization planned)
Uses ETH for gas; no native token.
Utility and Governance Token
Optimistic Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (EVM-compatible with native yield)
Sequencer batches transactions; fraud proofs.
Optimistic Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; with BLAST token holder governance
Fixed supply of 100 billion BLAST; airdrop distribution.
Utility and Governance Token
ZK Rollup (inherits Ethereum security)
Supported (zkEVM compatibility)
Sequencers batch transactions; ZK proofs verify.
Decentralized; with ZK token holder governance
Fixed supply of 21 billion ZK; governance and fees.
Utility and Network Token
ZK Rollup (validity proofs on Ethereum)
Advanced (Cairo programming language)
Sequencer processes transactions; STARK proofs.
ZK Rollup (STARK proofs)
Decentralized; with STRK token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion STRK; staking and fees.
Governance token
Ethereum sidechain (EVM-compatible)
Supported (full EVM compatibility)
Validators use POSDAO consensus.
Proof of Stake (POSDAO)
Decentralized; with GNO token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~3 million GNO; staking for validation.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (decentralized staking protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with RPL token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~19.5 million RPL; node collateral.
Utility and Network Token
Ethereum blockchain (validator infrastructure)
Supported (DVT coordination protocols)
Distributed Validator Technology clusters.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SSV token holder governance
Fixed supply; used for operator payments.
Utility Token
Multi-chain (RPC and staking services)
Supported (staking and infrastructure)
Multi-chain node infrastructure.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ANKR token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion ANKR; service payments.
Utility Token
Ethereum/Arbitrum (video transcoding network)
Supported (video infrastructure protocols)
Ethereum validators with Arbitrum L2.
Delegated Proof of Stake
Decentralized; with LPT token holder governance
Inflationary model; orchestrator and delegator rewards.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (Brave browser advertising)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Semi-centralized (Brave Software governance)
Fixed supply of 1.5 billion BAT; advertising payments.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (DEX aggregation protocol)
Advanced (order book DEX protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ZRX token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion ZRX; staking and governance.
Utility and Governance Token
ZK Rollup on Ethereum
Supported (DEX and payment protocols)
Operators batch transactions; ZK proofs.
ZK Rollup (Ethereum security)
Decentralized; with LRC token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~1.37 billion LRC; protocol fees.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (messaging and wallet protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SNT token holder governance
Fixed supply of ~6.8 billion SNT; app curation.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (mobile-first, migrating to Ethereum L2)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use BFT consensus (transitioning to L2).
BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with CELO token holder governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion CELO; epoch rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (sharded architecture)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use FBFT consensus with sharding.
Effective Proof of Stake (EPoS)
Decentralized; with ONE token holder governance
Inflationary model; capped at ~13 billion ONE.
Blockchain (layered architecture)
Advanced (RISC-V based virtual machine)
Miners use PoW with Eaglesong algorithm.
Proof of Work (Eaglesong)
Decentralized; with community governance
Capped secondary issuance; state rent model.
Utility Token
Blockchain (Chainweb - braided multi-chain)
Advanced (Pact smart contract language)
Miners use PoW across braided chains.
Proof of Work (Chainweb)
Decentralized; with community governance
Fixed supply of 1 billion KDA; mining emissions.
Utility and Governance Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (privacy-focused)
Advanced (encrypted smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT with TEEs.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with SCRT token holder governance
Inflationary model; staking rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (consensus/compute separation)
Advanced (confidential smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT with ParaTimes.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with ROSE token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 billion ROSE; staking rewards.
Governance token
Multi-chain (deployed across multiple chains)
Advanced (DEX and DeFi protocols)
Validators of underlying chains.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with SUSHI token holder governance
Fixed max supply; fee sharing with stakers.
Governance token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and L2s)
Advanced (programmable liquidity protocols)
Ethereum and L2 validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with veBAL governance
Fixed supply of 100 million BAL; emissions to LPs.
Governance token
Multi-chain (Ethereum primary)
Advanced (yield aggregation vaults)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with YFI token holder governance
Fixed supply of 36,666 YFI; fee sharing.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (DeFi protocol)
Advanced (Curve yield boosting)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with vlCVX governance
Fixed max supply of 100 million CVX; platform fees.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Immutable X)
Supported (gaming and NFT protocols)
Ethereum and Immutable X validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with ILV token holder governance
Fixed supply of 10 million ILV; play-to-earn rewards.
Utility Token
Multi-chain (Polygon and Arbitrum)
Advanced (leveraged trading protocols)
Polygon and Arbitrum validators.
Arbitrum L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; with GNS token holder governance
Dynamic supply; minting/burning based on P&L.
Utility and Governance Token
Optimism blockchain (Ethereum L2)
Advanced (virtual AMM perpetuals)
Optimism validators secure the network.
Optimism L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; with PERP token holder governance
Fixed supply of 150 million PERP; staking rewards.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and other chains)
Advanced (liquidity aggregation protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with KNC token holder governance
Fixed supply; burning mechanism from trading fees.
Liquid staking token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (liquid staking derivative)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; governed by Frax DAO
Supply tracks staked ETH; yield-bearing through sfrxETH.
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (Terra Classic)
Supported (CosmWasm smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with LUNC token holder governance
Supply of ~6.9 trillion LUNC; burn mechanism active.
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (Terra 2.0)
Supported (CosmWasm smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with LUNA token holder governance
Initial supply of 1 billion LUNA; community distribution.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Supported (distributed computing marketplace)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 1 billion GLM; compute payments.
Utility and Governance Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum and Polygon)
Supported (Web3 social protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with MASK token holder governance
Fixed supply of 100 million MASK; ITO and governance.
Utility and Governance Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Advanced (automated liquidity protocols)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with BNT token holder governance
Elastic supply; minting for impermanent loss protection.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (custom, high-throughput)
Supported (Ride smart contract language)
Validators use Leased Proof of Stake (LPoS).
Leased Proof of Stake (LPoS)
Semi-centralized (Waves Association)
Initial supply of 100 million WAVES; inflationary.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (UTXO + EVM hybrid)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use Mutualized Proof of Stake.
Mutualized Proof of Stake
Decentralized; with on-chain governance
Initial supply of 100 million QTUM; block rewards.
Utility Token
Distributed hash table (agent-centric)
Advanced (Holochain hApps)
Hosts validate through distributed hash tables.
Distributed Hash Table (not blockchain)
Decentralized; community-driven
Reserve currency model; HOT converts to HoloFuel.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (platform utility token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Nexo platform governance)
Fixed supply of 1 billion NEXO; dividend payments.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (platform utility token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Celsius Network - bankrupt)
Fixed supply of ~695 million CEL; platform defunct.
Stablecoin
Cosmos SDK blockchain (Terra Classic)
Limited (stablecoin functionality)
Terra Classic validators.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; community governance post-collapse
Depegged algorithmic stablecoin; no longer at peg.
Utility Token
Bitcoin blockchain (BRC-20 token)
Limited (BRC-20 inscription standard)
Bitcoin miners validate via Ordinals.
Bitcoin (BRC-20, PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 2.1 quadrillion SATS; Bitcoin-native.
Utility Token
Bitcoin blockchain (BRC-20 token)
Limited (BRC-20 inscription standard)
Bitcoin miners validate via Ordinals.
Bitcoin (BRC-20, PoW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 million ORDI; first BRC-20 token.
Meme token
Base blockchain (Ethereum L2)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Base L2 validators (inherits Ethereum security).
Base L2 (Optimistic Rollup)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply; community meme token on Base.
Meme token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply; tax on transactions for burn.
Meme token
Solana blockchain (SPL token)
Limited (meme token functionality)
Solana validators secure the network.
Solana (PoH + PoS)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 1 trillion WEN; airdrop distribution.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Bitcoin-secured EVM chain)
Supported (EVM-compatible)
Validators use Satoshi Plus consensus.
Satoshi Plus (PoW + DPoS)
Decentralized; with CORE token holder governance
Fixed supply of 2.1 billion CORE; mining and staking.
Utility and Governance Token
Avalanche subnet (gaming-focused)
Supported (EVM-compatible gaming chain)
Validators use PoS consensus.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Decentralized; with BEAM token holder governance
Fixed supply of 62.8 billion BEAM; gaming rewards.
Utility and Network Token
Cosmos SDK blockchain (omnichain)
Advanced (cross-chain smart contracts)
Validators use Tendermint BFT consensus.
Tendermint BFT (PoS)
Decentralized; with ZETA token holder governance
Fixed supply; used for gas across chains.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (EOSIO-based)
Supported (NFT and gaming focus)
Guilds validate using DPoS consensus.
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Semi-centralized (Guild-based governance)
Inflationary model; staking rewards.
Digital payments
Blockchain (Bitcoin Cash fork)
Limited (basic scripting)
Miners use PoW with Avalanche post-consensus.
Proof of Work + Avalanche
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 trillion XEC; rebased from BCH.
Utility and Network Token
Blockchain (Bitcoin fork for asset transfer)
Limited (asset issuance and transfer)
Miners use PoW with KAWPOW algorithm.
Proof of Work (KAWPOW)
Decentralized; community-driven
Fixed supply of 21 billion RVN; halving schedule.
Utility Token
Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20 token)
Limited (exchange utility token)
Ethereum validators secure the network.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (Bitget exchange governance)
Fixed supply of 2 billion BGB; buyback and burn.
Utility Token
Multi-chain (Ethereum ERC-20, KuCoin Chain)
Supported (via KuCoin Chain)
Ethereum and KCC validators.
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Centralized (KuCoin exchange governance)
Fixed supply of ~167 million KCS; buyback and burn.